Introduction to aluminum alloy melting process
Loading furnace → melting (add copper, zinc, silicon, etc.) → slag picking → adding magnesium, beryllium, etc. → stirring → sampling → adjusting ingredients → stirring → refining → slag picking → converter → refining deterioration and standing → casting.
Outfitting furnace: The correct method of loading furnace is very important to reduce the burning loss of metal and shorten the melting time. For the reverberatory furnace, a layer of aluminum ingot is laid on the bottom of the furnace, the burnable material is put in, and then the aluminum ingot is pressed. The lower melting point reflow material is placed on the upper layer, so that it melts at the earliest, and the lower burnable material is covered to reduce the burning loss. The various charge materials should be evenly and evenly distributed.
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Melting: The melting process and melting speed have an important effect on the quality of aluminum ingots. When the charge is heated to soften the bed, the flux should be appropriately covered. During the melting process, care should be taken to prevent overheating. After the level of the molten charge of the charge is level, the melt should be properly stirred to make the temperature consistent, and it is also beneficial to accelerate melting. Excessive melting time not only reduces the furnace production efficiency, but also increases the melt gas content. Therefore, when the melting time is too long, the melt should be re-refined.
Slag-slagging: Slag-slagging can be done when all the charging materials are melted to the melting temperature. Before picking up slag, dust powder should be sprinkled (for high magnesium alloys, sodium-free flux should be sprinkled). Slag scraping should be as thorough as possible, because scum is easy to contaminate metals and increase the gas content of the melt.
After adding magnesium and beryllium slag, magnesium ingots can be added to the melt, and a flux should be added for covering. For high magnesium alloys, in order to prevent magnesium burnout, 0.002% to 0.02% of beryllium should be added. Beryllium can be obtained from sodium beryllium fluoride by metal reduction. Sodium beryllium fluoride is mixed with flux.
Stirring: Allow sufficient time for stirring before sampling and after adjusting the ingredients. Stir should be stable without damaging the oxide film on the surface of the melt.
Sampling: After the melt has been fully stirred, it should be immediately sampled and analyzed before the furnace.
Adjust the ingredients: when the ingredients do not meet the standard requirements, supplement or dilute.
Melt converter: After the composition is adjusted, when the melt temperature meets the requirements, the surface scum is picked up and the converter can be converted.
Refining of melts: Different metamorphic components have different purification and metamorphic methods.
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